The Backhousia genus is made up of 7 Australian species and one species indigenous to Papua New Guinea. The genus is characterised by highly aromatic foliage and this has made some species popular as garden plants and also as a source of flavouring for the bushfoods industry.

Certainly the most popular in the genus is the lovely Backhousia citriodora (Lemon Myrtle or Lemon Ironwood). Usually growing to around 6m tall in gardens (but possibly twice that or more in its natural sub-tropical rainforest environment), this evergreen tree has glossy long leaves which are deliciously aromatic and have a strong citrus flavour. During summer and autumn, the tree is covered by clusters of creamy white flowers with long, decorative stamens.

Lemon Myrtle is indigenous to the rainforests of Queensland (as are many of the other species), but will grow well in frost-free locations in temperate, cool and Mediterranean-type growing zones too. Plant it in full sun in cooler areas or in dappled shade in warmer climates. The soil must be well-drained. The tree will require irrigation during the dry months of the year.

Backhousia anisata (Aniseed Tree) is a much taller species and may reach 25m in a perfect location. It is native to NSW. It has large glossy leaves with undulate margins and red new growth. Clusters of white flowers appear in summer. The leaves are highly aromatic with a delightful aniseed perfume and flavour. Grow it in semi-shade.

Some of the backhousias have quite a spicy perfume. Just brushing past the narrow leaves of Backhousia augustifolia is sufficient to release a waft of curry-like aroma. B. myrtifolia (Carrol) and B. sciadophora (Shatterwood) also have a sweetly spicy perfume when crushed. As the common name suggests the wood of Shatterwood, a large tree to 20m tall, is particularly brittle. It flowers in winter.